Regulation (EU) No 1227/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council on Wholesale Energy Market Integrity and Transparency ('REMIT') entered into force on 28 December 2011. The Regulation is the first attempt to regulate EU trading in energy products which is not purely nancial. REMIT introduces two fundamental prohibitions, on insider trading and market manipulation, and a series of disclosure and other obligations on companies active in the wholesale markets for electricity and gas in the EEA, which the Agency for Cooperation of European Regulators ('ACER') has been developing since, in consultation with various stakeholders. This book aims to o er a detailed yet clear guide for practitioners and in-house counsel faced with these issues, drawing on the available texts and experience so far. The book provides commentary on the Regulation, article by article and places it in the legal, economic and political context.
In addition, the book describes the relationship between the REMIT and the European nancial regulations, such as MAD, EMIR, MiFID II and MiFIR, which inspired its drafting. The book explains the interplay between the REMIT and EU Competition law with regard to the concept of market abuse and the obligation to disclose inside information. The book then provides an overview of the rules governing the trading on wholesale energy products in the United States, their scope, functioning, enforcement and a comparison with the corresponding provisions of the REMIT. A chapter is also dedicated to the economics behind the rules on market manipulation.
Finally, the book contains a short discussion of the EU Commission's draft proposal for a Regulation on Indices Used as Benchmarks in Financial Instruments and Financial Contracts and its possible implications for the energy industry. This rst edition of the book will be expanded periodically in further editions, as the case-law and practice develops.
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