Apart from considering classical theories of justice from Aristotle, Plato, Saint Thomas Aquinas, the Bible, and the Quran, the aim of Justice and Law is to focus on the contemporary vista, reviewing some of the modern ideas of justice advanced by legal philosophers of our time, such as John Rawls, Jürgen Habermas, Ronald Dworkin, Robert Nozick, Richard A. Posner, Wojciech Sadurski, Marxism, or Feminist Theories.
In the second part of the work María José Falcón y Tella, offers an account of classical and modern theories of justice, and some of the principal themes relating to justice –punishment, civil disobedience, conscientious objection, just war, and tolerance.