This book gives a comprehensive overview of the rules that apply directly to the international transfer of technology and compares them with the rules that apply to such transactions under antitrust and competition law. The text is written so as to be comprehensible for lawyers as well as economists, and it does not require that the reader is familiar with the field.;The book explains the economic background, the purposes, the provisions and the effects of all direct regulations of international licensing. The comparative approach helps to prevent a frequent mistake, i.e. the confusion of the role played by antitrust law as it applies to international licensing, and that of the regulations enforced by technology-importing nations that lack antitrust laws. The study is based on the idea that while each national legislation has its own characteristics, a common core may be found both under the antitrust laws and under transfer of technology regulations.