In recent years public-private partnerships (PPPs) have been under examination in a number of jurisdictions, particularly in countries that have long-established and relatively mature relationships with PPPs. Questions have been asked about significant issues including value for money, flexibility and, not least, the validity of the fundamental element of partnership within that model. In addition, attention has been given in many places to the most appropriate contractual model for PPPs and industry consultations have been undertaken as to the extent to which those models remain best suited for the purpose.