Guaranteeing energy security is one of the most complex challenges of energy law and policy. Energy insecurity threatens economic development, social peace and stability. This book focuses on energy security in the strategically important region of Central Asia. Despite huge energy reserves, the region's energy systems are amongst the most inefficient and unreliable in the world, and require urgent reform. However, endemic corruption, discrimination and the strong centralization of power have so far blocked initiatives to reorganise energy supply. The case of Central Asia is uniquely relevant for understanding the informal constraints on energy law and policy. In addition, Central Asian energy insecurity illustrates the impact of geopolitics on the regulation of energy markets. The region is strategically located along the New Silk Road – China's ambitious infrastructure initiative – and its energy situation highlights the complex interactions between energy law, geopolitics and institutions.