INTRODUCTION. HOW ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION CAN IMPACT YOUR FINANCIAL SECURITY. THE IMPACT ON BUSINESS. THE IMPACT ON CITIZENS. THE IMPACT ON GOVERNMENT. A PROFILE OF HAZARDOUS WASTE AND THE HAZARDOUS WASTE INDUSTRY. MEASURING THE SCOPE OF TOXIC RELEASES: POLLUTION, HEALTH RISKS, LIABILITY, AND INSURANCE CLAIMS ACROSS THE NATION. CASE STUDY: THE CANNONS ENGINEERING CASE SETTLEMENTS. A SUMMARY OF FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY PROVISIONS AND LAWS BASED ON FEDERAL REQUIREMENTS. AN OVERVIEW OF KEY U.S. LAWS. A Brief Survey of Major Federal Hazardous Wastes and Toxic Substances Laws. The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA). Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA). The Relationship Between RCRA and CERCLA/SARA. The Need for Insurers to Address Risk Exposures. FEDERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR FINANCIAL ASSURANCE. What Do We Mean by Financial Responsibility? Liability Insurance. Federal Rules-Payment for Closure and Postclosure Care. Automobile Li ability. SARA-Underground Fuel Storage Tanks. Special Problems for USTs. A Summary of Insurers' Arguments Against Providing Coverage. THE NECESSITY OF CHECKING STATE LAWS AND RULES. States with Interim Status. States without Interim Status. Summary Lists. Financial Responsibility Assurances for Bodily Injury and Property Damage Discovered or Caused after Closure. Financial Responsibility Assurances for Cleanup at Closure or During the Postclosure Period. ENVIRONMENTAL RISK AND INSURANCE PROBLEMS FOUND IN OTHER KINDS OF INSURANCE REQUIREMENTS. Workers' Compensation and Occupational Disease Claims. The Special Environmental Risk and Insurance Problems Concerning Asbestos and Asbestosis. THE SPECIAL ISSUES CONCERNING THE LAW OF TOXIC TORTS AND HAZARDOUS WASTE LITIGATION INCLUDING THE IMPACTS OF MASS DISASTERS. TOXIC TORT LAWSUITS. Liability for Conduct. Liability for Products. Liability for Premises. PATTERNS OF LEGAL CAUSE. Sole Causation. Joint Causation. Concurrent Causation. Un certain Causation. COMPARATIVE FAULT FOR TOXIC TORTS. Recognition of Comparative Contribution. Evolution of Comparative Fault. Representative Applications. THE IMPACT OF MASS DISASTERS. VICTIMS' COMPENSATION. LIABILITY AND INSURANCE FOR MARINE VESSELS AND OIL SPILLS. RECENT ISSUES AND EMERGING DEVELOPMENTS. OIL SPILLS-LIABILITY AND INSURANCE: AN OUTLINE. POLLUTION INSURANCE AVAILABILITY FOR MARINE VESSELS. AFTER VALDEZ-THE NECESSITY FOR NEW OIL SPILL LIABILITY AND COMPENSATION LAWS. NUCLEAR LIABILITY RISK AND INSURANCE. POOLING FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY. FORMS OF COVERAGE. SPECIAL NUCLEAR POWER AND NUCLEAR WASTE PROBLEMS. NUCLEAR POWER-KINDS OF INSURANCE. SPECIAL RISKS AND INSURANCE OF WEAPONS PLANTS. ENVIRONMENTAL CATASTROPHES AND INSURANCE SYSTEMS. INSURANCE AGAINST RISKS OF FLOOD, EARTHQUAKES, AND HURRICANES. INTERDEPENDENT ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS AND INSURANCE. THE SPECIAL ISSUES OF INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RISK AND INSURANCE. THE GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT. ACID RAIN. GLOBAL WARMING AND THE GREENHOUSE