In 2002, new European Directives changed the way the electronic communications sector operated creating an entirely new regulatory framework. They were to be implemented in each Member State by 2003. Now that the new regime is settling down, this work provides practical guidance on the Directives package, and deciphers the complex puzzle of how they fit together. It both explains the new regime and addresses its practical implementation, looking at how it has been implemented in each Member State and assessing the decisions of individual national regulators.